At the end of January, the guardians of the end of the world’s end of the world announced that the world was 89 seconds to midnight, which is the metaphor for our approaching extinction. This is more than one second than us in the past two years, and the most recent clock has been destroyed by the world through artificial manufacturing risks (including new technologies such as nuclear weapons, climate change and artificial intelligence).
The iconic clock was set by the announcement of atomic scientists. The announcement of atomic scientists was founded by the American physicist in the nuclear era. A few months later, Japan detonated the atomic bomb in Japan. On Monday, the announcement was Alexandra Bell, an expert in nuclear affairs, and was its new president and CEO. She replaced Rachel Bronson, who has served as the position for ten years.
Ms. Bell has been engaged in weapons control and non -diffusion in the U.S. State Department since the Obama administration, where she participated in ensuring the approval of the new starting point and “nuclear weapons reduced the Russian treaty.” She returned to the department in 2021 as the deputy assistant secretary, promoting the dialogue with the nuclear issues with countries around the world. During the last two years of the Biden government, she led the P5 procedure of the American delegation. Currently, it is the only forum in the United States, China and Russia to discuss the risk of reducing nuclear risks.
In an interview last week, Ms. Bell discussed the threat of the continuous development of the day and her hopes to announce her role in preventing global disasters. She said: “Listening to the echo of history is important.”
In order to be short and clear, the following conversation was edited.
How can the 80 -year -old historical organizations such as “Announcement” maintain correlation in a changing world?
When I entered the venue, the clock at the end of the world until five minutes in the middle of the night. I remember being shocked by symbolism. The closest point to the clock now is indeed a warning, and we have used time. It checked for a second of the facts that every second is important.
We live in too many crises in crisis, and the threat is more complicated. The key is to understand these threats and ensure that we are transitioning to solutions. To solve these problems, you will require work, patience and persistence, and the extensive needs of the public.
It is hoped that the end of the world can attract people to help them understand the urgency of the present. There is no neat solution. However, we can do something to pull ourselves away from the edge.
What is the different era of nuclear risks different from the past?
In fact, since the Cuban missile crisis in 1962, we have continued to stabilize the risk of nuclear risks and separate from the edge of the disaster in the Cuban missile crisis. China began its unprecedented expansion. Iran may make nuclear weapons, North Korea continues to violate international law, threatens its neighbors and develop its nuclear arsenal.
Over the past 50 years, we have also had a building that collapsed under us. The nuclear non -proliferation treaty that prevents nuclear chaos is under coercion. We should take the next step to reduce the nuclear threat (such as the comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty).
I dare to be sure that people who live at the peak of the Cold War will not think it is not complicated. But looking back, it is a two-polar conflict-the United States and the Soviet Union. It is now more complicated.
There is no fast repair here. This time, it is not only a nuclear expert who proposed solutions alone. We must talk to experts in AI, quantum, biotechnology and climate change. These areas of risks are overlapping and we need to coordinate completely. However, the cross -pollination of this kind of professional knowledge will be the key to how we manage these threats.
Today, the urgent threat of most people seems to be climate change, not nuclear weapons.
You are right, the younger generation will not consider the nuclear threat too much. We have done a good job in reducing this threat, but it has never disappeared. In some ways, the situation becomes worse. It is more complicated, more shot, and does not pay much attention.
The nuclear issue is a few minutes. Intercontinental ballistic missiles in the United States or Russia can reach anywhere in the world in about 33 minutes. If we make a wrong nuclear problem, then there is nothing important.
Climate change is a long -term problem. The potential conflicts that may be caused from it, such as large -scale migration, will increase tensions. More nuclear weapons countries with climate -related conflicts mean the possibility of nuclear war. These threats are tied together. At the same time, consider the reasons for the two.
So far, what do you think of the direction of the new president’s management?
I am glad to see President Trump’s comments on reducing nuclear threats in Davos. That is encouraging. But he is also withdrawn from the Paris Agreement. This is a step in the wrong direction.
It is hoped that the U.S. government will see economic and safe interests in the United States to pursue greener technology.
I hope there is a question that admits that climate change is not faith. This is happening. You can choose not to believe it, but I promise your insurance company to believe it. When this starts financial impact on people across the country, they will seek leaders to do something on this.
What way do you want to shape the work announced in the next few years?
The announcement is trying to promote the public’s estimation of the existence of artificial existence. This is an increasingly unique dialogue. I don’t want this. I hope to understand why it is so important anywhere, and why they participate in it.
I am from Yan Tail in North Carolina-a place without fire. My folk’s house rained 40 inches within two days after Hylun Hurricane. Damage caused by climate change has occurred in places like my hometown. How do we contact these people in dialogue about preventing this? Make sure that they are as many as people around the city highway.
It is easy to see these challenges and go to dark places. The difficulty is to let these challenges promote you. My mother is from Finland, and we always talk about the Finnish spirit of this “SISU”-facing extreme adversity, unstoppable sand. We need more SISUs in this field. We inherited a mess, we must work together to clean it up.
